Chlorine Dioxide, Chlorates, Chlorites and Hypochlorites

Published March 1977

This report covers the technology and economics of manufacturing sodium chlorate, chlorine dioxide, sodium chlorite, sodium hypochlorite, and calcium hypochlorite.

These chemicals are either raw materials for bleaching chemicals or are bleaching chemicals themseleves. Their primary markets are in paper and pulp manufacture, municipal waste treatment, municipal water treatment, and other sanitation applications.

The processes evaluated are the electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride to make sodium chlorate, the chlorination of caustic soda to make sodium hypochlorite, and the chlorination of lime and caustic soda to make calcium hypochlorite, as well as two processes generating chlorine dioxide for pulp bleaching, and two processes for the production of sodium chlorite.