Published September 1980
The report is concerned with the current technology and economics for providing plant water, steam, electricity, cogenerated steam and electricity, and Inert gas. Also shown are the projected costs for these utilities (except for cogeneration) on a yearly basis to 1985 and thereafter on a 5-year basis to 1990. Estimated water costs are for clarified water, process water, cooling water, potable water, and makeup water for boilers operating at 150, 600, and 1500 psig.
Estimated steam costs are for producing steam at 150 psig/ saturated, 600 psig/750oF, and 1500 psig/950oF, in four different types of boilers: package oil-fired, field-erected oil-fired, stoker coal- fired, and pulverized coal-fired. Electricity costs are the purchase prices to large users of four representative public utilities in the United States: Commonwealth Edison, Houston Lighting and Power, Public Service Electric and Gas, and Union Electric.
Three cases of cogeneration have been evaluated for the extraction of low pressure steam and production of electricity in turbogenerators. At present, the economics of the systems are not competitive with that of raising steam separately and buying power from a public utility in the Houston area. Estimated costs for inert gas produced from stoichiometric combustion of natural gas are at two delivery pressures: 10 in Hz0 and 100 psig.
